Skrining Fitokimia dan Potensi Antimikroba Herba Kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi dan Candida albicans

Abstract

Ocimum spp. merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan sebagai bahan obat tradisional, karena memiliki senyawa antioksidan, antikanker dan antimikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui senyawa fitokimia dan potensi antimikroba ekstrak Herba Kemangi (Ocimum americanum L.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi dan Candida albicans berdasarkan zona hambat. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Metode kerja yang digunakan yaitu pembuatan simplisia, ekstraksi, skrining fitokimia, pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode disc diffusion. maka diperoleh rata-rata zona hambat pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus konsentrasi 2% b/v sebesar 11,3 mm, 4% b/v sebesar 14,3mm, 8% b/v sebesar 17,6 mm, kontrol positif (clindamycin) sebesar 26 mm dan kontrol negatif 0 mm. Pada bakteri Salmonella typhi konsentrasi 2% b/v sebesar 12,6 mm, 4% b/v sebesar 15,6 mm, 8% b/v sebesar 19,3 mm, kontrol positif (ciprofloxacin) sebesar 29,3 mm dan kontrol negatif 0 mm. Pada Candida albicans konsentrasi 2% b/v sebesar 0 mm, 4% b/v sebesar 6,6 mm, 8% b/v sebesar 8,3 mm, kontrol positif (nystatin) sebesar 12,3 mm dan kontrol negatif 0 mm.

Ocimum spp. is one of the plants used as ingredients in traditional medicine, because it has antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial potential of the Herba Basil extract ( Ocimum americanum L.) against Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans based on the zone of inhibition. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol. The working method used is the manufacture of simplicia, extraction, phytochemical screening, antimicrobial activity testing with the disc diffusion method . the average inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus was 11.3 mm, 4% w/v was 14.3 mm, 8% w/v was 17.6 mm, positive control (clindamycin) was 26 mm and 0 mm negative control. In Salmonella typhi the concentration of 2% w/v was 12.6 mm, 4% w/v was 15.6 mm, 8% w/v was 19.3 mm, positive control (ciprofloxacin) was 29.3 mm and control negative 0 mm. In Candida albicans the concentration of 2% w/v was 0 mm, 4% w/v was 6.6 mm , 8% w/v was 8.3 mm, positive control (nystatin) was 12.3 mm and negative control was 0 mm.