Perkembangan Terapi Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 pada Pasien yang Terinfeksi COVID-19

Asyifa Yan Balqis; Humaira Ramdhani; Eria Khoirunisa Amelia

doi:10.52365/jecp.v1i2.244

Perkembangan Terapi Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 pada Pasien yang Terinfeksi COVID-19

Asyifa Yan Balqis, Humaira Ramdhani, Eria Khoirunisa Amelia

Abstract

Data prevalensi keparahan penyakit COVID-19 yang disebabkan oleh infeksi SARS-CoV-2, pada penderita diabetes mellitus sebagai faktor komorbid COVID-19 sangat banyak. Hiperglikemia dapat memodulasi respons imun dan inflamasi sehingga membuat pasien rentan terhadap COVID19 yang parah bahkan kematian. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai terapi pasien COVID-19 dengan diabetes. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic review yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal nasional dan jurnal internasional. Studi pustaka ditelusuri melalui database Google Scholar dengan kata kunci COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, terapi COVID19 dengan diabetes, terapi diabetes. Hasil literature review menunjukkan bahwa pasien diabetes dengan COVID-19 harus tetap mengikuti regimen pengobatan yang sudah ditetapkan dan menjalani pola hidup yang sehat serta mengendalikan kondisi psikis agar terapi dapat tercapai dengan sempurna. Terapi anti diabetes diberikan pada pasien disesuaikan dengan keadaan klinis dari pasien tersebut. Pemberian metformin, sulfonilurea, inhibitor DPP-4, inhibitor SGLT-2 tidak direkomendasikan sebagai profilaksis untuk pasien diabetes mellitustipe 2 dengan infeksi COVID19 yang serius. Sedangkan pioglitazone tidak cocok untuk pasien dengan diabetes dan COVID-19 karena memperburuk gagal jantung. GLP-1RA dan insulin dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan dapat mengurangi peradangan COVID-19. Untuk pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang terkena COVID-19 dengan kondisi klinis parah, insulin masih merupakan regimen intensif yang dapat digunakan.

Prevalence data on the severity of COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, in patients with diabetes mellitus as a factor COVID-19 comorbidities are numerous. Hyperglycemia can modulate immune and inflammatory responses that make the patient susceptible to Severe COVID-19 and even death. This literature review aims to provide information regarding the treatment of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. The method used is a systematic review sourced from books, national journals, and international journals. Studies library searched through Google Scholar database by keyword COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 therapy with diabetes, therapy diabetes. The results of a literature review show that diabetic patients with COVID-19 must continue to follow the treatment regimen that has been established and lead a healthy lifestyle and control their psychological condition so that therapy can be achieved perfectly. anti therapy diabetes is given to patients according to their clinical condition of the patient. Metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors are not recommended as prophylaxis for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with serious COVID-19 infection. Whereas pioglitazone is not suitable for patients with diabetes and COVID-19 for exacerbating heart failure. GLP-1RA and insulin can lower blood glucose levels and can reduce inflammation COVID-19. For patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus affected by COVID-19 with severe clinical conditions, insulin is still an intensive regimen that can be used.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus tipe 2; COVID-19; Komorbid; Tatalaksana.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52365/jecp.v1i2.244