Potential of Ciplukan Leaf Extract (Physalis angulata L.) Against Streptococcus pneumoniae Growth in Vitro

Farizky Rakhman; Ratna Widayati; Oktaviani Naulita Turnip; Fatmaria Fatmaria; Hanasia Hanasia

doi:10.52365/jecp.v5i1.1314

Potential of Ciplukan Leaf Extract (Physalis angulata L.) Against Streptococcus pneumoniae Growth in Vitro

Farizky Rakhman, Ratna Widayati, Oktaviani Naulita Turnip, Fatmaria Fatmaria, Hanasia Hanasia

Abstract

Pneumonia is a disease that infects the lungs, and antibiotics such as tetracycline show a high degree of resistance. Therefore, the use of alternative natural materials, such as ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata L.), which the Dayak people commonly use to treat lung diseases, is necessary. This study aimed to prove that the extract of ciplukan leaves can inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae by measuring the diameter of the clear zone and determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol, and then concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% were prepared. The positive control was levofloxacin 5 µg, and the negative control was DMSO 1%. The average inhibition zone diameters of the ciplukan leaf extract were 5% (0 mm), 10% (0.17 mm), 15% (0.45 mm), 20% (1.95 mm), 25% (2.67 mm). Antibacterial test using the disk diffusion method. From the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney Post Hoc statistical test, a significance value of <0.05 was obtained. Therefore, There is an effect of ciplukan leaf extract on Streptococcus pneumoniae at concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%, with the MIC 15%.

Keywords

Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.); Streptococcus pneumoniae; extract; in Vitro

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aldafi, Daevanul Aslam, Periskila Dina, Kali Kulla, and Rulia Meilina. 2023. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis.” Journal of Healtcare Technology and Medicine 9 (2): 1788–1800. https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v9i2.3562.

Aviany, Hanna Berliana, and Sri Pujiyanto. 2020. “Analisis Efektivitas Probiotik di dalam Produk Kecantikan sebagai Antibakteri Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis.” Jurnal Berkala Bioteknologi 3 (2): 24–31. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/bb/article/view/9657.

Az-Zahra, Fatiha Ristya, Neriza Laras Widya Sari, Raihani Saputry, Gilang Dwi Nugroho, Sunarto, Teguh Pribadi, and Ahmad Dwi Setyawan. 2021. “Review: Traditional Knowledge of the Dayak Tribe (Borneo) in the Use of Medicinal Plants.” Biodiversitas 22 (10): 4633–47. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d221057.

Caroff, Martine, and Alexey Novikov. 2020. “Lipopolysaccharides: Structure, Function and Bacterial Identification.” Microbiota, Nutrition and Lipids: consequences on Health 27 (31): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020025.

Chen, Kuan Jen, Ying Jiun Chong, Ming Hui Sun, Hung Chi Chen, Laura Liu, Yen Po Chen, Wei Chi Wu, Eugene Yu Chuan Kang, and Chi Chun Lai. 2021. “Streptococcus pneumoniae Endophthalmitis: Clinical Settings, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Visual Outcomes.” Scientific Reports 11 (1): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85456-3.

Dahlia, Andi Amaliah, Nur Qadri Amima, Aulya Rachma Arum, Rezki Amriati Syarif, and Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad. 2022. “Kadar Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total dalam Ekstrak Metanol Daun Cemba (Acacia rugata (Lam.) Fawc. Rendle).” Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia 9 (1): 15–19. https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v9i1.808.

Harlita, Tiara Dini, Nurul Anggrieni, and Ardiana Finda Widya Rahmawati. 2019. “Aktivitas dan Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bacillus cereus.” Husada Mahakam : Jurnal Kesehatan V (1): 51–60. https://doi.org/10.35963/hmjk.v5i1.166.

Kalteng, Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi. 2019. “Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah Tahun 2019.” Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, No. 09: 1–251.

Kurniati, Ika Dyah, Riza Setiawan, Afiana Rohmani, Aisyah Lahdji, Arief Tajally, Kanti Ratnaningrum, Rochman Basuki, Sc Reviewer, and Zulfachmi Wahab. 2020. Buku Ajar Kimia Analisis. UMSIDA Press.

Kusuma, Bagas Aji. 2016. “Pola Kuman dan Pola Resistensi Bakteri Terhadap Antibiotik pada Penderita Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta Bulan Januari-Maret 2016.” Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 4–10.

Lewis, James S.., Melvin P.. Weinstein, April M.. Bobenchik, Shelley. Cameau, Sharon K.. Cullen, Tanis. Dingle, Marcelo F.. Galas, et al. 2023. M100 : Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.

Magvirah, Tiara, Marwati, and Fikri Ardhani. 2019. “Uji Daya Hambat Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.).” Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis 2 (2): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jpltrop.v2i2.3687.

Makatambah, Venila, Fatimawali Fatimawali, and Gerald Rundengan. 2020. “Analisis Senyawa Tannin dan Aktifitas Antibakteri Fraksi Buah Sirih (Piper betle L) Terhadap Streptococcus mutans.” Jurnal MIPA 9 (2): 75. https://doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.9.2.2020.28922.

Nabila, Rina, Cicih Bhakti Purnamasari, and Alhawaris Alhawaris. 2021. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii Blume) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dengan Metode Disc Diffusion.” Jurnal Kedokteran Mulawarman 8 (2): 64. https://doi.org/10.30872/j.ked.mulawarman.v8i2.6404.

Nurjannah, Iin, Baiq Ayu, Aprilia Mustariani, and Novia Suryani. 2022. “Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Kombinasi Daun Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix) dan Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) sebagai Zat Aktif pada Sabun Antibakteri.” Spin Jurnal Kimia & Pendidikan Kimia 4 (1): 23–36. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v4i1.4801.

Pattipeilohy, Anatje J., Cut Bidara Panita Umar, and Mnhammad Taip Pattilouw. 2022. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tapak Dara (Catharantus roseus) di Desa Lisabata Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphyloccocus aureus dengan Menggunakan Metode Difusi Agar.” Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan 2 (1): 80–90. https://doi.org/10.55606/jrik.v2i1.604.

Rizqiana, Anita, and Sudarmin. 2023. “Analysis of Antioxidant Activity on the Ethanol Extract of Indonesian Tropical Forest Plants.” Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science 12 (1): 47–57. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijcs.v12i1.65147.

Rohyani, IS. 2015. “Kandungan Fitokimia Beberapa Jenis Tumbuhan Lokal yang Sering dimanfaatkan Sebagai Bahan Baku Obat di Pulau Lombok.” Jurnal Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masy Biodiv Indon 1 (2): 388-391. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010237.

Sari, Ida Diana, Yuyun Yuniar, Selma Siahaan, Riswati Riswati, and Muhamad Syaripuddin. 2015. “Tradisi Masyarakat dalam Penanaman dan Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Lekat di Pekarangan.” Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia 5 (2): 123–32. https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v5i2.4407.123-132.

Sari, Mustika, Nikmatia Latief, and Muh. Nassrum Massi. 2020. “Isolasi dan Identifikasi Gen Pneumcoccal Surface Adhesin A (PsaA) sebagai Faktor Virulensi Streptococcus pneumoniae.” Bioma: Jurnal Biologi Makassar 5 (1): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.20956/bioma.v5i1.8860.

Singgih, Santoso. 2020. Panduan Lengkap SPSS 26. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.

Subramanian, Karthik, Birgitta Henriques-Normark, and Staffan Normark. 2019. “Emerging Concepts in the Pathogenesis of the Streptococcus pneumoniae: from Nasopharyngeal Colonizer to Intracellular Pathogen.” Cellular Microbiology 21 (11): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/cmi.13077.

Sukmawati, Rahmawati, and Annisaa Ainun. 2024. “Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Batang Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) menggunakan DPPH.” Makassar Pharmaceutical Science Journal 1 (4): 373–81. https://journal.farmasi.umi.ac.id/index.php/mpsj/article/view/112/75.

Tambunan, Cindy Marlina, Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe, Minda Sari Lubis, and Rafita Yuniarti. 2023. “Efektivitas Penyembuhan Luka Bakar menggunakan Salep Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) pada Kelinci.” Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences 6 (4): 1701–8. https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i4.300.

Tripathi, Nishant. 2023. Gram Staining. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.

Vanawati, Noviana, Nur Fauziyyah, Isti Sofia Insani, and Dani Mahmud. 2023. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Inhalant Oil Terhadap Streptococcus pneumoniae dengan Vapour Phase Test.” Jurnal Analisis Biologi 7 (1): 1–6.

Wijayanti, Arum Niti, Ana Medawati, and Erlina Sih Mahanani. 2014. “Pengaruh Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Lactobacillus acidophilus (in Vitro).” Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Wulan Kusumo, Djati, Erma Kusuma Ningrum, and Citra Hayu Adi Makayasa. 2022. “Skrining Fitokimia Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Pepaya (Carica papaya L.).” Journal Of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences 5 (2): 2598–2095.

Wulandari, Sri, Yonita Sholihatun Nisa, Taryono Taryono, Siwi Indarti, and Rahmi Sri Sayekti. 2022. “Sterilisasi Peralatan dan Media Kultur Jaringan.” Agrotechnology Innovation (Agrinova) 4 (2): 16. https://doi.org/10.22146/a.77010.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52365/jecp.v5i1.1314