Efek Asam Askorbat Menurunkan Indeks Aterogenik dan Kadar Gula Darah Tikus (Rattus norvegicus L.) Diabetes Mellitus Induksi Aloksan

Sunarti Sunarti, Elly Wahyudin, Hasyim Kasim

Abstract


Senyawa antioksidan diketahui dapat meningkatkan indeks aterosklerosis dan sekresi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran asam askorbat sebagai pengatur aterosklerosis dan kadar gula darah pada kondisi diabetes  (DM). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian  eksperimental dengan menggunakan 20 ekor tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus L.) dengan berat badan 180-300 g, umur 23 bulan, sebagai hewan percobaan. Setelah aklimatisasi selama satu minggu, tikus tidak diberi makan semalaman dan keesokan harinya diinduksi aloksan dengan dosis 145 mg/kg berat badan (BB). Tiga hari kemudian, darah diambil melalui vena ekor tikus untuk menguji gula darah. Indeks arteriosklerosis (AI) ditentukan dengan rumus (kolesterol HDL total)/HDL. Sebagai hewan percobaan, tikus dengan kadar glukosa darah 200 mg/dl atau lebih dipilih dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. kelompok I pakan standar; Kelompok II mendapat diet standar majemuk dan metformin; Kelompok III diberi diet standar dan asam askorbat dan kelompok IV diberi diet standar dan kombinasi metformin dan asam askorbat. Pada awal diabetes, berat  tikus dikurangi dari 240 g menjadi 220 g. Namun, setelah 2 minggu terapi asam askorbat, berat badan stabil, gula darah turun 65,57 dan 324,94 mg/dl menjadi 111,88 mg/dl, dan indeks arteriosklerosis menurun dari 0,324 menjadi 0,320.

Antioxidant compounds are known to increase atherosclerosis index and insulin secretion. This study aims to determine the role of ascorbic acid as a regulator of atherosclerosis and blood sugar levels in diabetes (DM). The research design used was an experimental study using 20 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with a body weight of 180-300 g and 23 months of ageas experimental animals. After acclimatization for one week, the rats were not fed overnight and the next day the rats were induced with alloxan at a dose of 145 mg/kg body weight (BW). Three days later, the blood was drawn through the tail vein of the rats to test for blood sugar. The arteriosclerosis index (AI) was determined by the formula (total HDL cholesterol)/HDL. As experimental animals, rats with blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dl or more were selected and divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each. group I standard feed; Group II received a standard compound diet and metformin; Group III was given a standard diet and ascorbic acid and group IV was given a standard diet and a combination of metformin and ascorbic acid. At the onset of diabetes, the weight of the rats was reduced from 240 g to 220 g. However, after 2 weeks of ascorbic acid therapy, body weight was stable, blood sugar decreased from 65.57 and 324.94 mg/dl to 111.88 mg/dl, and the arteriosclerosis index decreased from 0.324 to 0.320.


Keywords


Aloksan; Asam askorbat; Diabetes mellitus; Gula darah.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52365/jecp.v2i1.303

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